In most cases, conservative therapy is not effective, for this you will need to carry out surgical operations. Whether in such cases:
- great veins, which occupies the greater part of the vein;
- acute phlebothrombosis or pulmonary embolism;
- incorrect expansion of the saphenous veins;
- the presence of edema in the legs;
- violation of the circulation of the blood in the venous system;
- progressive trophic ulcers, not responding to medical treatment;
- chronic fatigue legs and movement disorder.
Restrictions and contraindications
Unfortunately, not everyone can conduct a surgical intervention, despite the severity of the disease. The work is not carried out in the following cases:
- running the illness condition, when the operation will not produce effective results;
- concomitant hypertension 3 degrees, ikhs ;
- sepsis or other inflammatory and infectious processes in the body;
- age more than 75 years;
- pregnancy 2nd and 3rd trimester;
- skin diseases in the period of exacerbation (eczema, contact dermatitis, erysipelas, etc.).
Types of operations on the veins of the lower limbs
Today medicine can offer several options of operation of varicose veins of the lower limbs:
- complete removal of the vein or phlebectomy;
- removal of diseased sections of veins or mikroflebektomiyu;
- laser coagulation with a laser knife;
- RF ablationem;
- sclerotherapy;
- Phlebectomy.
Miniflebektomiya
To be treated with gentle microinvasive surgical interventions due to which removes the damaged fragments of the vessel.
The advantage of this method is the absence of postoperative complication, because the surgery is performed through small punctures.
This reduces the period of rehabilitation and improves the cosmetic effect.
Laser hair removal
So is the treatment of veins with laser An expensive operation which is based on the removal of small veins with a laser knife. The operation in the strength of the laser beams of the ship, causing a blood clot, and the vessel is closed and separated. In the future Vienna resolved.
The advantages of operation in the absence of surface defects and short recovery period. Immediately after the surgery the patient can go home on their feet.
Radiofrequency ablation
The method is an improved version of the previous method, which is the least dangerous and painful of all.
Thanks to him, you can remove the veins of any caliber to the expanding nodes, without the use of anesthesia. The rehabilitation period is not needed, because for two weeks already actively working.
But, it is worth noting that in some cases the effect is not better than after laser hair removal.
Compression sclerotherapy
This method is difficult to call to work. It is based on the use of sclerosant is a special substance that, when introduced in the container turns into a fibrous cord. The injection is carried out several times and only for varicose veins of small caliber.
To perform sclerotherapy does not need anesthesia, so it is used primarily for those who have intolerance to anesthesia. But, it requires a long period of rehabilitation. Patients must wear compression stockings for at least 3 months.
The effects of the surgery
After the surgery of the veins of the lower limbs the possible complications that surgeons are required to warn their patients in advance. All these complications occur at different stages of the manipulation, and depends on factors such as:
- method of surgical intervention;
- the stage of neglect of the process and of the scope of work;
- the choice of anesthetic and method of administration.
Depending on these factors, the risk of complications is different, as well as the methods of their elimination. Of course from a traumatic and a dangerous method is phlebectomy. Because offendimus all the tissues of the lower limbs, high probability for the occurrence of complications. The most basic of them:
- aseptic inflammation of the skin around the joints;
- the formation of guidelines that accumulate in the blood, with redness and pain sensation;
- secondary inflammation due to bacterial infection;
- bleeding from the wound;
- significant swelling due to trauma to the lymphatic vessels and nodes in the groin area;
- thrombosis of the deep venous system as a result of constant bed rest without preventive measures (use of compression stockings, minimal physical activity and taking medications that improve blood rheology);
- bruised and exasperatur seams on the site of the surgical intervention;
- relapse and the development of the disease.
Activities in the first days after the surgery
As soon as the patient wakes up after anesthesia, it is necessary to move the limbs, as is possible. In the set of exercises included the rotation of the knee and ankle joint, flexion and extension of the legs. The main thing is not to overdo it, not to make things worse.
On the second day of the surgery make the dressing, after which put on special linen, knitted or made tight bandaging of the feet.
Limb it is desirable to raise, to improve blood circulation. In each of the cases, operating stations can not be wet, and also to visit the baths, as can stitches. If the patient feels feverish, it is necessary to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, then be sure to seek medical attention. In cases of leg edema, it is desirable to reduce the physical loading.
After 9-10 days the stitches are usually removed. Then assigned to individual rehabilitation. Full recovery occurred depending on the stage of the disease and the physical condition of the person.
- Changes in lifestyle and physical activity of patients;
- Power correction after the surgery;
- Compression therapy in the postoperative period.
Changes in lifestyle and physical activity of patients
As one of the main reasons for varicose veins are lack of exercise, for the speedy recovery and healing recommended walks in the fresh air each evening, special exercises without weights, walking on the "toes" and "high heels", the Cycling, the circular motion of the joints of the lower limbs, exercise "scissors" and foot massage and sound sleep.
Power correction after the surgery
Excess weight contributes to the relapse and progression of the disease according to this, if the patient is obese, it is urgently necessary to change your diet: reduce calories, foods, to diversify the diet changes. It is recommended to consume only lean meat, seafood and sea fish, dairy products, grains, fruits, vegetables, fruits and nuts. As well as for the day you need to drink close to 2 liters of plain water.
What else you need to remember patients
Patients need to remember that the formation of the gap occurs for 3 months. Then form a scar. At this time need to be carefully managed to treat the part of the foot:
- Do not clean the surgical site rough and tough sponges in the shower, and the use of the cosmetic scrubs. Use a soft washcloth or simply wash your hand.
- Water during bathing should be warm.
- Not worth trying to erase iodine, brilliant green or other bright antiseptics at once, it will cause unnecessary friction.
- If the incision itches, apply the iodine, it will provide an antiseptic effect and will remove the itch.
- Not worth it to reduce the coverage of their own, they themselves will disappear.
- If the seam is red or about him appear in odd places, contact your doctor.
- Try to protect yourself from stress and unnecessary worries.